Beyond arithmetic skills: integrating interactive learning, gradual practice, and reward systems to foster children’s numeracy development

Authors

  • Nadia Rahmadani Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus, Kudus, Indonesia Author
  • Difa’ul Fikri Jayyid IIM Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia Author
  • Abubakar Siddiq Uba National Board for Arabic and Islamic Studies (NBAIS), Kano, Nigeria Author

Keywords:

numeracy skills, interactive learning, gradual practice, reward system, learning motivation

Abstract

Mathematics learning continues to face challenges related to low student engagement, motivation, and conceptual understanding of basic arithmetic operations. This study aims to analyze the implementation of an integrated numeracy learning approach combining interactive learning, gradual practice activities, and a reward system to improve children’s numeracy skills and learning motivation. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach supported by simple quantitative data obtained through participant observation, initial and final assessments, and documentation involving 18 children aged 5–12 years in Peganjaran Village. The findings revealed that the implemented learning approach contributed to improvements in learning engagement, self-confidence, numeracy skills, and learning persistence. These improvements were reflected in children’s increased willingness to participate, shifts in problem-solving strategies from procedural approaches toward conceptual understanding, and the development of learning motivation through an effort-oriented reward system. These findings indicate that integrating interactive learning, gradual practice, and a proportional reward system can establish a more active, enjoyable, and developmentally appropriate numeracy learning environment.

Abstrak

Pembelajaran matematika masih sering menghadapi tantangan berupa rendahnya keterlibatan, motivasi, dan pemahaman konseptual peserta didik terhadap operasi hitung dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pembelajaran numerasi berbasis pembelajaran interaktif, latihan bertahap, dan reward system dalam meningkatkan kemampuan numerasi serta motivasi belajar anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan dukungan data kuantitatif sederhana yang diperoleh melalui observasi partisipatif, asesmen awal dan akhir, serta dokumentasi terhadap 18 anak usia 5–12 tahun di Desa Peganjaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pembelajaran yang diterapkan mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan belajar, kepercayaan diri, kemampuan numerasi, dan ketekunan anak. Peningkatan tersebut terlihat dari keberanian anak dalam berpartisipasi, perubahan strategi penyelesaian masalah dari prosedural menuju pemahaman konseptual, serta berkembangnya motivasi belajar melalui reward system yang berorientasi pada usaha dan perkembangan individu. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi pembelajaran interaktif, latihan bertahap, dan reward system mampu menciptakan lingkungan belajar numerasi yang lebih aktif, menyenangkan, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan perkembangan anak.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aulia, F., & Jamilah, J. (2024). Improving students’ motivation in English learning through positive reinforcement. International Journal of Contemporary Studies in Education (IJ-CSE), 3(1), 50–60. https://doi.org/10.56855/ijcse.v3i1.945

Borji, V., Radmehr, F., & Font, V. (2021). The impact of procedural and conceptual teaching on students’ mathematical performance over time. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 52(3), 404–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2019.1688404

Chen, W. (2024). Problem-solving skills, memory power, and early childhood mathematics: Understanding the significance of early childhood mathematics in an individual’s life. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 16(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01557-6

Cheung, S. Y., & Ng, K. Y. (2021). Application of the educational game to enhance student learning. Frontiers in Education, 6, Article 623793. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.623793

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Self-determination theory. In P. A. M. Van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 416–437). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446249215.n21

Fyfe, E. R., & Brown, S. A. (2018). Feedback influences children’s reasoning about math equivalence: A meta-analytic review. Thinking & Reasoning, 24(2), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546783.2017.1359208

Lin, F.-L., Wang, T.-Y., & Yang, K.-L. (2018). Description and evaluation of a large-scale project to facilitate student engagement in learning mathematics. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 58, 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2018.03.001

López-Ardao, J. C., Rodríguez-Pérez, M., Herrería-Alonso, S., Sousa-Vieira, M. E., Lago Ferreiro, A., Suárez-González, A., & Rodríguez-Rubio, R. F. (2026). APAR: A structural design and guidance framework for gamification in education based on motivation theories. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 10(1), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/mti10010010

Malek, S. L., Sarin, S., & Haon, C. (2020). Extrinsic rewards, intrinsic motivation, and new product development performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 37(6), 528–551. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12554

McFeetors, P. J., & Palfy, K. (2018). Educative experiences in a games context: Supporting emerging reasoning in elementary school mathematics. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 50, 103–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmathb.2018.02.003

Miller, T. (2018). Developing numeracy skills using interactive technology in a play-based learning environment. International Journal of STEM Education, 5(1), Article 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-018-0135-2

Murayama, K. (2022). A reward-learning framework of knowledge acquisition: An integrated account of curiosity, interest, and intrinsic–extrinsic rewards. Psychological Review, 129(1), 175–198. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000349

Piaget, J. (2003). Part I: Cognitive development in children—Piaget development and learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40, S8–S18.

Risyanto, A., Subarjah, H., Ma’mun, A., Nuryadi, & Prabowo, I. (2024). The effect of student-centred learning approaches in physical education on positive youth development. Edu Sportivo: Indonesian Journal of Physical Education, 5(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.25299/esijope.2024.vol5(1).14532

Schoenfeld, A. H. (2022). Why are learning and teaching mathematics so difficult? In L. D. English (Ed.), Handbook of cognitive mathematics (pp. 1–35). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44982-7_10-1

Skinner, B. F. (1958). Reinforcement today. American Psychologist, 13(3), 94–99.

Thwin, E. P. A., & Lwin, Z. (2018). Simple interactive lecturing strategies for fostering students’ engagement and active participation. Medical Science Educator, 28(1), 203–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-017-0492-3

Tsai, M.-C., Shen, P.-D., Chen, W.-Y., Hsu, L. C., & Tsai, C.-W. (2020). Exploring the effects of web-mediated activity-based learning and meaningful learning on improving students’ learning effects, learning engagement, and academic motivation. Universal Access in the Information Society, 19(4), 783–798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-019-00690-x

Verschaffel, L., Schukajlow, S., Star, J., & Van Dooren, W. (2020). Word problems in mathematics education: A survey. ZDM Mathematics Education, 52(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-020-01130-4

Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky: The fundamentals of defectology (Vol. 2). Springer Science & Business Media.

Yeh, C. Y. C., Cheng, H. N. H., Chen, Z.-H., Liao, C. C. Y., & Chan, T.-W. (2019). Enhancing achievement and interest in mathematics learning through Math-Island. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 14(1), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0100-9

Zajda, J. (2021). Constructivist learning theory and creating effective learning environments. In Globalisation and education reforms (pp. 35–50). Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71575-5_3

Downloads

Published

2026-06-16

How to Cite

Rahmadani, Nadia, Difa’ul Fikri Jayyid, and Abubakar Siddiq Uba. 2026. “Beyond Arithmetic Skills: Integrating Interactive Learning, Gradual Practice, and Reward Systems to Foster children’s Numeracy Development”. Eduvista: Journal of Education and Innovation 1 (1): 1-13. https://perfidiajournal.com/index.php/eduvista/article/view/5.