Verbal abuse in the family as a social change issue and its implications for early childhood development: A systematic literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67964/ym03n423Keywords:
Verbal abuse, Social change, Family, Early childhood, Systematic literature reviewAbstract
Verbal abuse within the family remains a frequently overlooked form of emotional maltreatment despite its significant impact on early childhood development, and it has rarely been examined as a social change issue through a Systematic Literature Review. This study aims to analyze verbal abuse within the family as a social change issue and examine its implications for early childhood development. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines by analyzing 21 eligible articles published between 2020 and 2026, supplemented by one classical study as a comparative reference. The findings indicate that verbal abuse is influenced by changes in parenting practices, socioeconomic pressures, limited parenting literacy, and family relationship dynamics. Its consequences include mental health problems, reduced self-confidence, impaired social-emotional development, neurobiological changes, and an increased risk of psychological disorders in later developmental stages. This study contributes by integrating perspectives on social change, parenting, and child development to provide a conceptual foundation for developing strategies to prevent verbal abuse within families.
Abstrak
Kekerasan verbal dalam keluarga masih menjadi bentuk kekerasan emosional yang sering diabaikan, padahal berdampak terhadap perkembangan anak usia dini dan belum banyak dikaji sebagai bagian dari problematika perubahan sosial melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kekerasan verbal dalam keluarga sebagai problematika perubahan sosial serta implikasinya terhadap perkembangan anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020 melalui analisis terhadap 21 artikel ilmiah yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dipublikasikan pada periode 2020–2026, serta satu artikel klasik sebagai referensi pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan verbal dipengaruhi oleh perubahan pola pengasuhan, tekanan sosial-ekonomi, rendahnya literasi pengasuhan, serta dinamika hubungan keluarga. Dampaknya meliputi gangguan kesehatan mental, penurunan kepercayaan diri, hambatan perkembangan sosial-emosional, perubahan neurobiologis, hingga meningkatnya risiko gangguan psikologis pada tahap perkembangan berikutnya. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan mengintegrasikan perspektif perubahan sosial, pengasuhan, dan perkembangan anak sehingga memberikan dasar konseptual bagi pengembangan strategi pencegahan kekerasan verbal dalam keluarga.
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